• J. Baehr, S. Cunningham, H. Haak, P. Heimbach, T. Kanzow, and J. Marotzke, 2009: Observed and simulated daily variability of the meridional overturning circulation at 26.5N in the Atlantic. Ocean Sci. 5, 575-589.

• A. Condron, P. Winsor, C. Hill, and D. Menemenlis, 2009: Simulated response of the Arctic freshwater budget to extreme NAO wind forcing. J. Climate, 22, 2422-2437.

• J. Cummings, L. Bertino, P. Brasseur, I. Fukumori, M. Kamachi, M. J. Martin, K. Mogensen, P. Oke, C. E. Testut, J. Verron, and A. Weaver, 2009: Ocean data assimilation systems for GODAE. Oceanography, 22, 96-109.

• E. Douglass, D. Roemmich, and D. Stammer, 2009: Data Sensitivity of the ECCO State Estimate in a Regional Setting. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 26, 2420-2443.

• B. Dushaw, P. Worcester, W. Munk, R. Spindel, J. Mercer, B. Howe, K. Metzger, T. Birdsall, R. Andrew, M. Dzieciuch, B. Cornuelle, and D. Menemenlis, 2009: A decade of acoustic thermometry in the North Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C07021.

• R. Ferrari, and C. Wunsch, 2009: Ocean Circulation Kinetic Energy: Reservoirs, Sources, and Sinks. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 31, 253-282.

• L. Fu, 2009: Pattern and velocity propagation of the global ocean eddy variability. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C11017.

• N. Gruber, M. Gloor, S. Fletcher, S. Doney, S. Dutkiewicz, M. Follows, M. Gerber, A. Jacobson, F. Joos, K. Lindsay, D. Menemenlis, A. Mouchet, S. Müller, J. Sarmiento, and T. Takahashi, 2009: Oceanic sources, sinks, and transport of atmospheric CO2. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 23, GB1005.

• D. Halkides and T. Lee, 2009: Mechanisms controlling seasonal-to-interannual mixed layer temperature variability in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C02012.

• P. Heimbach and V. Bugnion, 2009: Greenland ice sheet volume sensitivity to basal, surface, and initial conditions, derived from an adjoint model. Annals of Glaciology 50(52), 76-80.

• C. Kroner, M. Thomas, H. Dobslaw, M. Abe, and A. Weise, 2009: Seasonal effects of non-tidal oceanic mass shifts in observations with superconducting gravimeters. Journal of Geodynamics, 48, 354-359.

• M. Manizza, M. J. Follows, S. Dutckiewicz, J. W. McClelland, D. Menemenlis, C. N. Hill, A. Townsend-Small, and B. J. Peterson, 2009: Modeling transport and fate of riverine dissolved organic carbon in the Arctic Ocean. Global Biogeochem. Cycles., 23, GB4006.

• G. Maze, G. Forget, M. Buckley and J. Marshall, 2009: Using transformation and formation maps to study water mass transformation: a case study of North Atlantic Eighteen Degree water. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 39(8), 1818-1835, doi:10.1175/2009JPO3985.1

• A. Nguyen, D. Menemenlis, and R. Kwok, 2009: Improved modeling of the Arctic halocline with a sub-grid-scale brine rejection parameterization. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C11014.

• R. Ponte, 2009. Rate of work done by atmospheric pressure on the ocean general circulation and tides, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 39, 458-464.

• R. Ponte and K. Quinn, 2009: Bottom pressure changes around Antarctica and wind-driven meridional flows. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L13604.

• T. Qu, S. Gao, I. Fukumori, R. A. Fine, and E. J. Lindstrom, 2009: Origin and pathway of Equatorial 13°C Water in the Pacific identified by a simulated passive tracer and its adjoint, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 39, 1836-1853.

• G. Sannino, M. Herrmann, A. Carillo, V. Rupolo, V. Ruggiero, V. Artale and P. Heimbach, 2009: An eddy-permitting model of the Mediterranean Sea with a two-way grid refinement at Gibraltar. Ocean Modelling, 30, 56-72.

• J. Utke, L. Harscoet, P. Heimbach, C. Hill, P. Hovland and U. Naumann, 2009: Toward adjointable MPI. Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Scientific and Engineering, PDSEC-09, Rome, Italy, pp. 1-8.

• P. van der Werf, 2009: Variability of the Mozambique Channel Throughflow. Ph.D. thesis, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.

• P. van der Werf, M. Schouten, P. van Leeuwen, H. Ridderinkhof, and W. de Ruijter, 2009: Observation and origin of an interannual salinity anomaly in the Mozambique Channel, J. Geophys. Res., 114, C03017.

• C. Wunsch, 2009: The Oceanic Variability Spectrum and Transport Trends. Atmosphere-Ocean, 47(4), 281-291, doi:10.3137/OC310.2009.

• C. Wunsch, P. Heimbach, R. Ponte, and I. Fukumori, 2009: The global general circulation of the ocean estimated by the ECCO-consortium. Oceanography, 22, 88-103.

• C. Wunsch and P. Heimbach, 2009: The globally integrated ocean circulation (MOC), 1992-2006: seasonal and decadal variability. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 39, 351-368, doi:10.1175/2008JPO4012.1.